The occurrence of an intrinsic layer can significantly increase the breakdown voltage for the application of high. Semiconductor diodes semiconductor materials intrinsic and extrinsic types ideal diode terminal characteristics of diodes. Solve each circuit with its corresponding diode equation. This is a highpower semiconductor diode, used in high frequency microwave. The circuit schematic symbol of a diode is shown in figure 5.
It decreases and increasing temperature doping concentration in ntype semiconductor. Electrical pulse width modulation for power electronic converters playlist. The semiconductor material is ntype silicon which acts as an anode and the metal acts as a cathode whose materials are chromium, platinum, tungsten etc. Module 1 lecture 1 semiconductor materials youtube. Tunnel diode definition, symbol, and working diode. Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. Full wave diode rectifiers the fullwave bridge rectifier uses four diodes, as shown on the next slide when the input cycle is positive as in part a, diodes d 1 and d 2 are forward biased and conduct current, while diodes d 3 and d 4 are reversebiased when the input cycle is negative as in part b, diodes d. Develop an understanding of the pn junction diode and its behavior. Lecture series on electronics for analog signal processing i by prof. Electrical engineering pulse width modulation for power electronic converters. A tunnel diode is a heavily doped pn junction diode in which the electric current decreases as the voltage increases. Nptel analog electronics free video lectures, courses, tutorials, classes, clips electronics lectures from mit, stanford electronics video classes from iit delhi, mumbai. In nonconducting state the diode conducts with less voltage.
Electronics nptel online videos, courses iit video lectures. Id name of the engineering discipline total video courses total video lectures size gb. Basic electronics nyu tandon school of engineering. For manufacturing purposes, the metals of the schottky barrier diode like molybdenum, platinum, chromium, tungsten aluminium, gold, etc. It is also called as esaki diode named after leo esaki, who in 1973 received the nobel prize in physics for discovering the electron tunneling effect used in these diodes.
The tunnel diode is used as a very fast switching device in computers. Nptel electrical engineering introduction to hybrid and electric vehicles mode 1. Lecture 1 introduction to semiconductors and semiconductor. Hence comparing the schematic symbol to the pn junction in figure 4, we see the anode is the ptype semiconductor and the cathode is the ntype semiconductor. Lecture notes microelectronic devices and circuits. Chitralekha mahanta, department of electronics and communication engineering,iit guwahati. For a circuit to allow the current flow in one direction but to stop in the other direction, the rectifier diode is the best choice. Resonant converters and rf radio frequency power circuits pdf 1.
Due to this the forward voltage drop is decreased to min. Lecture notes power electronics electrical engineering. Diodes in the first lecture, we discussed linear circuit components resistors, capacitors, and inductors we found that we could build some electronic circuits using only these devices however, much of electronics in particular digital electronics depends upon nonlinear devices. Rectifier a rectifier is a device that passes positivehalf cycle of a sinusoid and blocks the negative halfcycle or vice versa. The pn junction is a versatile element, which can be used as a. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Gujarat technological university bachelor of engineering subject code. Analog electronics class lecture notes pdf free download for gate ece abstract 1 introduction 2 amplifiers. Pin diode working characteristics and its applications.
A pin diode is a current controlled device in contrast to a varactor diode which is a voltage controlled device. Bipolar junction transistors emitter p n collector base pnp transistor emitter n p base npn transistor bipolar. Diode allows current to pass in only one direction. Distributed generation technologies, distributed storage technologies, distribution system protection, circuit breaker coordination, symmetrical component analysis and sequence excitation, modeling of distribution system components, protection components, impact of distributed generation of distribution. A diode is effectively like a valve for an electrical circuit semiconductor diodes are the most common type of diode. Lecture 11 varactor diode nptel analog electronics.
Instead, a diode will have negligible resistance in one direction to allow current flow, and a very high resistance in the reverse direction to prevent current flow. Introduction to diodes university of california, san diego. Lecture 11 varactor diode lecture series on electronics for analog signal processing i by prof. A pn junction is the metallurgical boundary between the n and pregions of a semiconductor crystal. Tunnel diode is a highly doped semiconductor device and is used mainly for low voltage high frequency switching applications. Conventional current can flow from the anode to the cathode, but not the other way around. Diode a diode is a 2 lead semiconductor that acts as a one way gate to electron flow. Institute may change list of experiments to measure dc voltage and current, ac voltage and current with multimeter. In tunnel diode, electric current is caused by tunneling.
Gujarat technological university bachelor of engineering. Nptel courses in engineering, science, management, humanities and social sciences. Recipe for solving diode circuits state of diode is unknown before solving the circuit 1. They are also called pn diodes in analogy with vacuum diodes. Integrated circuits, mosfets, opamps and their applications 46,848 views. Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures. Diodes and transistors university of california, berkeley.
Radhakrishna rao, department of electrical engineering,iit madras. The power flows from the first input input stage supplied by voltage source v1. A light emitting diode led is essentially a pn junction diode. In this website, weve provided upsc electrical engineering syllabus in pdf, upsc mains electrical engineering previous question papers last 5 years, and how to prepare upsc ias civil services mains electrical, engineering paper. Definition, symbol, and types of diodes electrical4u. Most of the commercial leds are realized using a highly doped n and a p junction. Flywheel diode a flywheel diode is often required with an inductive load. Nov 26, 2017 diode equivalent circuit is defined as an ideally operated diode which is considered out to be short in a region that does forward biasing. When carriers are injected across a forwardbiased junction, it emits incoherent light. May 29, 2016 an article from gatemitra nptel lectures for gate analog circuits the lectures to be referred to this course are analog circuits by prof. Which are the best nptel lectures regarding electronic.
Notice that in ee, the anode is the positive terminal and the cathode is the negative terminal. Nptel video lectures iit video lectures online nptel youtube lectures free video lectures nptel online courses youtube iit videos nptel courses. Nptel video lecture topics for electrical engineering new no. After the pnjunction diode was developed in the year 1940s, the diode was first exercised as a highpower rectifier, lowfrequency during the year 1952. This allows the electrons to see engineered potentials that guide electronsholes in specific directions or even trap them in specific regions of devices designed by the electrical engineer. The diode has two operating states conducting and nonconducting. Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, laser action, characteristics of laser beamconcepts of coherence, hene and semiconductor lasers simple ideas, applications. Supplemental material on pin diode physics is included in the appendices section of the handbook. Such junctions show a pronounced rectifying behavior. In this type of diode the junction is formed by contacting the semiconductor material with metal. Upsc electrical engineering syllabus 2020 ias mains. Diode equivalent circuits university of south carolina. Schottky diode working and its applications elprocus. May 17, 2018 the diode will only conduct when applied voltage at the forward biased condition is greater than the diode builtin potential and it allows the flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode.
A pnjunction diode is formed by joining together ntype and ptype silicon. Pdf be8251 basic electrical and electronics engineering. Use the diode equation for that state to solve the circuit equations and find i d and v d 3. When vin is greater than 0, diode shorts, so vout vin. It is a negative differential resistance device also called as transferred electron device oscillator which is a tuned circuit consisting of gunn diode with dc bias voltage applied to it. Download be8251 basic electrical and electronics engineering lecture notes, books, syllabus parta 2 marks with answers be8251 basic electrical and electronics engineering important partb 16 marks questions, pdf books, question bank with answers key. The voltampere characteristic of the diode is given by the expression 6 0. Nptel syllabus pulse width modulation for power electronic converters video course course outline converter topologies for acdc and dcac power conversion, overview of applications of voltage source converters. Still, have any issues and queries regarding upsc electrical engineering subject, you can drop a comment below.
Engineering physics phy1 common for all branches unit. Pn junctions consist of two semiconductor regions of opposite type. Gunn diodes are used to build oscillators for generating microwaves with frequencies ranging from 10 ghz to thz. Premature breakdown mitigation requires edge engineering.
A microwave pin diode is a semiconductor device that operates as a variable resistor at rf and microwave frequencies. This principle of diode makes it work as a rectifier. Semiconductor diodes the diode is the simplest type of semiconductor device. Schottky diode is a function of temperature dropping.
Nptel electronics and communication engineering video. Analog electronics best lecture notes class notes pdf free. Parametric solution of diode circuits is desirable. Video created by georgia institute of technology for the course introduction to electronics. Compound semiconductors allow us to perform bandgap engineering by changing the energy bandgap as a function of position. Jan 17, 2017 56 videos play all basic electronics nptel arsh sharma the evolution of computing vacuum tube to transistor to integrated circuit documentary duration. Dont get confused with the arrow sign of the diode pointing from the anode to the cathode. Eee electrical engineering multiple choice questions. Even silicon has entered the quantum mechanical domain. Tech 1st year study materials and lecture notes for cse, ece, eee, it, mech, civil, ane, ae, pce and all other branches. The devices that helps to make a diode exhibit this property are called as avalanche transit time devices. Aug 31, 2008 lecture series on electronics for analog signal processing i by prof. It shows the conventional current flowing from anode to. The examples of the devices that come under this category are impatt, trapatt and baritt diodes.
Diode schematic symbol and actual picture of a common 1n914 diode the black stripe in the picture is the cathode. The voltage vo continuous to decrease until the voltage drop across the diode becomes greater than 0. Calculate the current flowing through the diode, voltage across the diode and the power dissipated in the diode using i loadline analysis graphical technique ii analytical method. Use the inequality for that diode state range of validity to find the range of circuit variable which leads to.
Lecture 1 introduction to basic electronics youtube in the analog part diode circuits bjt amplifiers op amp circuits will be covered. In terms of water models, it can be thought of as a oneway water valve, or check valve, that only lets water. Basic electrical and electronics engineering notes pdf. Basic coursessem 1 and 2 basic electronics and lab nptel. Lecture 11 varactor diode nptel analog electronics lecture 11 varactor diode lecture series on electronics for analog signal processing i by prof.
Although in the real world, diodes can not achieve zero or infinite resistance. It is also called as snapoff diode or chargestorage diode. Nptel video courses information in supplementary formats pdf transcriptions, html5 support, video subtitles for media player web, video size total nptel video courses. Iit delhi 16 nov 2019 department of electrical engineering prerequisites. Basic electrical engineering, circuit theory, signals and systems intended audience. Access resistances in vertical devices there is an access resistance connected in series with an ideal diode d the diode can be of any type, i. We have provided basic electrical and electronics of b. High voltage engineering video lecture study material in dvd. And, this is termed as biasing the diode into negative. The pin diode is an alteration of the pnjunction for particular applications.
From time 0 t t1, the switches s 2 and s3 are turned offi and the switches s1 and s 4 are turned on. Download basic electrical and electronics engineering notes pdf. Nptel analog circuits nptel quantum mechanics pdf nptel theory of machines nptel structural analysis nptel nptel control system pdf maintenance engineering by nptel nptel control engineering engineering economics nptel kinematics of machines nptel nptel control system lectures power electronics lectures nptel operation research by g srinivasan nptel nptel. Mahanta, department of electronics and communication engineering,iit guwahati. Electronics is playing a key role in all engineering applications. Tunnel diode working principle and characteristics ece. A diode is used to block the electric current flow in one direction, i. Types of diodes and their applications 24 types of diodes. This is because when the current through the inductive load is suddenly broken when the transistor turns off, a back emf will build up as the magnetic field breaks down the voltage across the coil quickly increases or.
Transistor biasing common emitter circuits, fixed bias, collector to base bias. Ug students and instructors industries applicable to. On figure 6 this occurs at tt2 and the value of vo at that time is vl vh ett21rc 1. Write down all circuit equations and simplify as much as possible 2. Modeling and simulation, hvdc transmission, ac transmission applications, reactive compensation for power flow control, shunt compensation, control and harmonic interactions, distribution applications, power and voltage quality, static series compensators for voltage sag correction, fault current limiters. Ay 201819 basic electronics 1st year type of course. Gate preparation, nptel video lecture dvd, electronicsandcommunicationengineering, electronicdevices, zenerdiode, energy bands, silicon bands, energy bands in silicon, silicon. Module 1 lecture 2 pn junction diodes lecture series on basic electronics by dr. Semiconductor materials pn junction diodes diode equivalent circuits. It is also used in highfrequency oscillators and amplifiers.
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